Issue |
ESAIM: COCV
Volume 21, Number 2, April-June 2015
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 487 - 512 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2014035 | |
Published online | 09 March 2015 |
Degenerate parabolic operators of Kolmogorov type with a geometric control condition∗
1 Centre de Mathématiques Laurent
Schwartz, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128
Palaiseau cedex,
France.
Karine.Beauchard@math.polytechnique.fr
2 Département de Mathématiques,
Batiment 425, Université Paris Sud, 91405
Orsay cedex,
France.
Bernard.Helffer@math.u-psud.fr;
Raphael.Henry@math.u-psud.fr
3 Laboratoire de Mathématiques de
Versailles (LM-Versailles), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, CNRS
UMR 8100, 45 Avenue des
Etats-Unis, 78035
Versailles,
France.
luc.robbiano@uvsq.fr
Received:
13
September
2013
Revised:
4
June
2014
We consider Kolmogorov-type equations on a rectangle domain (x,v) ∈ Ω = T × ( − 1,1), that combine diffusion in variable v and transport in variable x at speed vγ, γ ∈ N∗, with Dirichlet boundary conditions in v. We study the null controllability of this equation with a distributed control as source term, localized on a subset ω of Ω. When the control acts on a horizontal strip ω = T × (a,b) with 0 <a<b< 1, then the system is null controllable in any time T> 0 when γ = 1, and only in large time T>Tmin> 0 when γ = 2 (see [K. Beauchard, Math. Control Signals Syst. 26 (2014) 145–176]). In this article, we prove that, when γ> 3, the system is not null controllable (whatever T is) in this configuration. This is due to the diffusion weakening produced by the first order term. When the control acts on a vertical strip ω = ω1 × ( − 1,1) with ω̅1⊂𝕋, we investigate the null controllability on a toy model, where (∂x,x ∈T) is replaced by (i( − Δ)1 / 2,x ∈ Ω1), and Ω1 is an open subset of RN. As the original system, this toy model satisfies the controllability properties listed above. We prove that, for γ = 1,2 and for appropriate domains (Ω1,ω1), then null controllability does not hold (whatever T> 0 is), when the control acts on a vertical strip ω = ω1 × ( − 1,1) with ω̅1⊂𝕋. Thus, a geometric control condition is required for the null controllability of this toy model. This indicates that a geometric control condition may be necessary for the original model too.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 93C20 / 93B05 / 93B07
Key words: Null controllability / degenerate parabolic equation / hypoelliptic operator / geometric control condition
© EDP Sciences, SMAI, 2015
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